Students should get

- a basic comprehension of the human physiology, especially of electrophysiologic processes and
- develop comprehension of interactions between the human body and electromedical devices
 

Content of the course:

• Introduction of anatomy and physiology
• Basics of electrophysiology
• Interaction between current and biological tissue
• Physiological controll circuits
• Selected chapters of electromedicine
  • Medical measurement engineering
  • intensive-care medical equipment technology
  • Pacemakers and defibrillators
  • Portable medical technology (Personal Health Care)
     

Literature of this lecture:

• The script for the lecture Introduction to Medical Engineering is available in our office.

Additional literatur to the lecture:

• The textbook "Medical Systems"  by S. Leonhardt and M. Walter (eds.), is suggested as sublementary literature (in German).

All information on the courses of MedIT is available in RWTHonline.

Recommended prerequisites

• Contents of B.Sc. lecture „Introduction to Medical Technology”

Goals
Based on the fundamentals of vital sign measurement, upon completion of the module, participants will be able to:

• Explain the physiological and physical principles underlying the generation of vital signs
• Analyze, apply, and implement different methods for extracting vital signs
• evaluate vital sign measurement methods in terms of their suitability under various environmental conditions
• develop concepts for combining different sensors to improve robustness and coverage
• extract and interpret vital signs from various modalities using appropriate signal processing methods

Content

1. Physiology and Physics of the Cardiorespiratory System
2. Electrocardiography
3. Photoplethysmography
4. Mechanocardiography
5. Measurement of Respiratory Activity
6. Radar and Time-of-Flight Sensors
7. Camera-Based Vital Sign Measurement
8. The Measurement Chain form Anlog to Digital
9. Time-Frequency Analysis
10. Blind Source Separation

All information on the courses of MedIT is available in RWTHonline.

Students develop an advanced understanding of multivariable system analysis and apply modern robust control techniques. This includes the application of modern multivariable analysis and control tools for complex processes in order to design feedback controllers for processes with uncertainties and multiple and opposed design goals. Students understand and apply state-space, as well as frequency domains methods, for multivariable systems.

Content:

• Fundamentals of multivariable systems and representation
• Analysis of multivariable systems, modelling of uncertainties
• General control configuration, performance and robustness
• H2- (LQR/LQG) control
• Introduction to robust Hinf-control
• Implementation aspects of robust controllers
• µ -Synthesis

All information on the courses of MedIT is available in RWTHonline.

At the end of the module, students are able to understand methods of theoretical modelling of dynamic systems. They are capable of thinking in analogy and can determine the basic similarities between electrical and mechanic systems. Furthermore, the students can analyse integrated mechatronic systems and describe their partial components.

• Introduction to mechatronics
  • Overview
  • Motivation
  • Structure
     
• Fundamentals of theoretical model building
   
• Systems and system definition
   
• Constitutive equations
  • Conservation of quantities
  • State equations
  • Phenomenological equations
     
• Modelling of mechanical systems
  • Mechanics (kinematics and dynamics)
  • Newton’s equation
  • Dynamic modelling
  • Spring-Mass-Damper Systems
  • 2nd order Lagrange equation
     
• Modelling of electrical systems
  • Electrical systems (Kirchhoff, complex calculations)
  • Dynamic modelling of electrical circuits
  • Dynamic modelling of linear actors and drives
  • 2nd order Lagrange equation for electrical and electro-mechanical systems
• Modelling of hydraulic and thermal systems
  • Energy balance
  • Flow properties
  • Electrical analogies/electrical equivalent circuits
     
• Generalized Four-Pole-Theory
  • Basics
  • Analogies: mechanic/electrical/chemical/thermal systems
  • Generalised flow and potential
     
• Robotic systems
  • Introduction
  • Description of a serial kinematic chain
  • Dynamic modelling with 2nd order Lagrange equations
     

Literature of the lecture:

• The script Modeling of Mechatronic Systems is available in the institute's office.

All information on the courses of MedIT is available in RWTHonline.

Recommended prerequisites

• Introduction to biomedical engineering
• Introduction to engineering physiology
• Systems theory

Goals
After successful completion of this module, students will be able to:

• have a basic understanding of systems physiology and selected pathophysiologies;
• understand disease mechanisms and medical processes;
• describe physiological systems by dynamical models and simulate their dynamical behavior on a computer;
• describe and explain the operating principles of therapeutic devices and techniques, particularly in the
• context of therapies for selected organs (heart, lung, kidney, liver, pancreas and the brain);
• demonstrate an advanced understanding of the interaction between the human body and electromedical devices;
• independently analyze engineering problems in medical technology and develop appropriate technical solutions

Content
In this course, students are introduced to a quantitative approach to describe physiological systems and therapeutic devices including the patient-device interaction. The course covers the following topics:

• Allometry
• Principles of Dynamic Modelling
• Compartment Models
• Electrophysiology I and II
• Muscle Physiology
• Cardiovascular Physiology
• Arterial Wave Equation
• Heart Pacemakers
• Ventricular Assist Devices
• Lung Physiology
• Mechanical Ventilation I and II
• Functional Electrical Stimulation
• Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO)
• Anaesthesia Devices
• Kidney Failure and Renal Replacement Therapy
• Liver Support Systems
• Diabetes and Blood Glucose Control
• Intracranial Pressure Physiology and Control
• The impact of Modelling for Hardware-in-the-Loop (HiL) Testin

All information on the courses of MedIT is available in RWTHonline.

At the end of the module, students are able to understand methods of theoretical modelling as well as the identification and control of dynamic systems. They are capable of thinking in analogy and can determine the basic similarities between electrical, mechanic, hydraulic, pneumatic, thermal and medical systems. Furthermore, the students can analyse and control integrated mechatronic systems. Additionally, students gain the skill to use Matlab/SIMULINK to model, identify and solve control oriented problems.

• Identification of dynamic systems
  • Graphical methods
  • Identification with Bode-Diagrams and step-response
  • Least Squares Method
  • Excitation function
     
• Digital control systems
   
• Methods for fault diagnostics
  • Feature extraction
  • Signal-based methods
  • Modell-based methods
  • Classification
     
• Simulation of mechatronic systems
  • Simulation in state space (Analogue Computing)
  • Processes for digital simulations (numerical integration methods)
  • Matrix-exponential-method
  • Time-discrete modelling of linear systems
     
• Adaptive control systems
  • Gain scheduling
  • Self tuning regulators
  • Model-based adaptive control
     
• Rapid Control Prototyping:
  • V-cycle as a development scenario
  • Hardware and software in-the-loop
  • V-cycle for mechatronic systems
     

Literature of the lecture:

• The script Identification and Control of Mechatronic Systems is available in the institute's office.

All information on the courses of MedIT is available in RWTHonline.